Vue 集成
@aiao/rxdb-vue 提供了 Vue 3 集成,包括一系列响应式 Composables,让你在 Vue 应用中轻松使用 RxDB。
安装
- npm
- Yarn
- pnpm
- Bun
npm install @aiao/rxdb @aiao/rxdb-vue
yarn add @aiao/rxdb @aiao/rxdb-vue
pnpm add @aiao/rxdb @aiao/rxdb-vue
bun add @aiao/rxdb @aiao/rxdb-vue
核心概念
提供 RxDB 实例
使用 provideRxDB 将 RxDB 实例注入到 Vue 应用中:
import { createApp } from 'vue';
import { provideRxDB } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { RxDB, SyncType } from '@aiao/rxdb';
import App from './App.vue';
// 创建 RxDB 实例
const rxdb = new RxDB({
dbName: 'myapp',
entities: [Todo],
sync: { type: SyncType.None, local: { adapter: 'sqlite' } }
});
const app = createApp(App);
// 提供 RxDB 实例
provideRxDB(rxdb);
app.mount('#app');
注入 RxDB 实例
在组件中使用 injectRxDB 获取 RxDB 实例:
import { injectRxDB } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
export default {
setup() {
const rxdb = injectRxDB();
// 使用 rxdb
}
}
Composables API
@aiao/rxdb-vue 提供了一系列响应式 Composables,自动管理订阅生命周期。
RxDBResource 接口
所有 Composables 返回一个响应式的 RxDBResource 对象,包含以下属性:
interface RxDBResource<T> {
value: T; // 查询结果值
error: Error | undefined; // 错误信息
isLoading: boolean; // 加载状态
isEmpty: boolean | undefined; // 是否为空
hasValue: boolean; // 是否有值
}
所有属性都是响应式的,可以直接在模板中使用。
基础查询 Composables
useGet
根据 ID 获取单个实体:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useGet } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
const props = defineProps<{ id: string }>();
const { value: todo, isLoading, error } = useGet(Todo, { id: props.id });
</script>
<template>
<div v-if="isLoading">加载中...</div>
<div v-else-if="error">错误: {{ error.message }}</div>
<div v-else-if="!todo">未找到</div>
<div v-else>{{ todo.title }}</div>
</template>
useFindOne
查找符合条件的第一个实体:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useFindOne } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
const { value: todo, isLoading } = useFindOne(Todo, {
where: { completed: false },
orderBy: [{ field: 'createdAt', sort: 'desc' }]
});
</script>
<template>
<div v-if="isLoading">加载中...</div>
<div v-else>{{ todo?.title || '没有未完成的待办' }}</div>
</template>
useFindOneOrFail
类似 useFindOne,但找不到时会抛出错误:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useFindOneOrFail } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
const props = defineProps<{ filter: any }>();
const { value: todo, error } = useFindOneOrFail(Todo, {
where: props.filter
});
</script>
<template>
<div v-if="error">未找到匹配的待办事项</div>
<div v-else>{{ todo?.title }}</div>
</template>
useFind
查找多个符合条件的实体:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useFind } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
const { value: todos, isLoading, isEmpty } = useFind(Todo, {
where: {
combinator: 'and',
rules: [{ field: 'completed', operator: '=', value: false }]
},
orderBy: [{ field: 'createdAt', sort: 'desc' }],
limit: 20
});
</script>
<template>
<div v-if="isLoading">加载中...</div>
<div v-else-if="isEmpty">暂无待办事项</div>
<ul v-else>
<li v-for="todo in todos" :key="todo.id">
{{ todo.title }}
</li>
</ul>
</template>
useFindAll
查找所有实体:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useFindAll } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
const { value: todos, isLoading } = useFindAll(Todo, {
orderBy: [{ field: 'createdAt', sort: 'desc' }]
});
</script>
<template>
<div v-if="isLoading">加载中...</div>
<ul v-else>
<li v-for="todo in todos" :key="todo.id">
{{ todo.title }}
</li>
</ul>
</template>
useCount
统计符合条件的实体数量:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useCount } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
const { value: totalCount } = useCount(Todo, {});
const { value: completedCount } = useCount(Todo, {
where: { completed: true }
});
const { value: pendingCount } = useCount(Todo, {
where: { completed: false }
});
</script>
<template>
<div>
<p>总计: {{ totalCount }}</p>
<p>已完成: {{ completedCount }}</p>
<p>未完成: {{ pendingCount }}</p>
</div>
</template>
树结构 Composables
用于查询树形结构的实体(使用 @TreeEntity 定义)。
useFindDescendants
查找所有后代节点:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useFindDescendants } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Menu } from './entities/Menu';
const props = defineProps<{ rootId: string }>();
const { value: descendants, isLoading } = useFindDescendants(Menu, {
id: props.rootId,
depth: 3 // 查询深度
});
</script>
<template>
<div v-if="isLoading">加载中...</div>
<ul v-else>
<li v-for="item in descendants" :key="item.id">
{{ item.name }}
</li>
</ul>
</template>
useCountDescendants
统计后代节点数量:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useCountDescendants } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Menu } from './entities/Menu';
const props = defineProps<{ id: string }>();
const { value: count } = useCountDescendants(Menu, { id: props.id });
</script>
<template>
<span>子项数量: {{ count }}</span>
</template>
useFindAncestors
查找所有祖先节点:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useFindAncestors } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Menu } from './entities/Menu';
const props = defineProps<{ currentId: string }>();
const { value: ancestors } = useFindAncestors(Menu, {
id: props.currentId
});
</script>
<template>
<nav>
<template v-for="(item, index) in ancestors" :key="item.id">
<span v-if="index > 0"> > </span>
<span>{{ item.name }}</span>
</template>
</nav>
</template>
useCountAncestors
统计祖先节点数量:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useCountAncestors } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Menu } from './entities/Menu';
const props = defineProps<{ id: string }>();
const { value: level } = useCountAncestors(Menu, { id: props.id });
</script>
<template>
<span>层级: {{ level }}</span>
</template>
动态选项
所有 Composables 都支持函数式选项,可以动态计算查询参数:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, computed } from 'vue';
import { useFind } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
const filter = ref('');
const { value: todos } = useFind(Todo, () => ({
where: {
combinator: 'and',
rules: [
{ field: 'title', operator: 'like', value: `%${filter.value}%` }
]
}
}));
</script>
<template>
<input v-model="filter" placeholder="搜索..." />
<ul>
<li v-for="todo in todos" :key="todo.id">
{{ todo.title }}
</li>
</ul>
</template>
当 filter 变化时,Composable 会自动重新订阅并更新数据。
响应式更新
所有 Composables 都基于 RxJS 实现响应式更新。当数据库中的数据变化时,Vue 组件会自动重新渲染:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useFind } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
const { value: todos } = useFind(Todo, {
where: { completed: false }
});
const handleComplete = async (todo: Todo) => {
todo.completed = true;
await todo.save();
// 列表会自动更新
};
const handleDelete = async (todo: Todo) => {
await todo.remove();
// 列表会自动更新
};
</script>
<template>
<ul>
<li v-for="todo in todos" :key="todo.id">
{{ todo.title }}
<button @click="handleComplete(todo)">完成</button>
<button @click="handleDelete(todo)">删除</button>
</li>
</ul>
</template>
完整示例
<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue';
import { useFind, useCount } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
const filter = ref<'all' | 'active' | 'completed'>('all');
const newTodoTitle = ref('');
const { value: todos, isLoading } = useFind(Todo, () => ({
where: filter.value === 'all'
? undefined
: { completed: filter.value === 'completed' },
orderBy: [{ field: 'createdAt', sort: 'desc' }]
}));
const { value: totalCount } = useCount(Todo, {});
const { value: activeCount } = useCount(Todo, {
where: { completed: false }
});
const handleAdd = async () => {
if (!newTodoTitle.value.trim()) return;
const todo = new Todo();
todo.title = newTodoTitle.value;
await todo.save();
newTodoTitle.value = '';
};
const handleToggle = async (todo: Todo) => {
todo.completed = !todo.completed;
await todo.save();
};
const handleDelete = async (todo: Todo) => {
await todo.remove();
};
</script>
<template>
<div class="todo-app">
<h1>待办事项 ({{ activeCount }}/{{ totalCount }})</h1>
<div class="todo-input">
<input
v-model="newTodoTitle"
@keyup.enter="handleAdd"
placeholder="添加新待办..."
/>
<button @click="handleAdd">添加</button>
</div>
<div class="filters">
<button
:class="{ active: filter === 'all' }"
@click="filter = 'all'"
>
全部
</button>
<button
:class="{ active: filter === 'active' }"
@click="filter = 'active'"
>
未完成
</button>
<button
:class="{ active: filter === 'completed' }"
@click="filter = 'completed'"
>
已完成
</button>
</div>
<div v-if="isLoading">加载中...</div>
<ul v-else class="todo-list">
<li v-for="todo in todos" :key="todo.id" class="todo-item">
<input
type="checkbox"
:checked="todo.completed"
@change="handleToggle(todo)"
/>
<span :class="{ completed: todo.completed }">
{{ todo.title }}
</span>
<button @click="handleDelete(todo)">删除</button>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</template>
<style scoped>
.todo-app {
max-width: 600px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 20px;
}
.todo-input {
display: flex;
gap: 10px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.todo-input input {
flex: 1;
padding: 8px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.filters {
display: flex;
gap: 10px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.filters button {
padding: 8px 16px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
background: white;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.filters button.active {
background: #007bff;
color: white;
border-color: #007bff;
}
.todo-list {
list-style: none;
padding: 0;
}
.todo-item {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 10px;
padding: 10px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}
.todo-item span {
flex: 1;
}
.todo-item span.completed {
text-decoration: line-through;
color: #999;
}
.todo-item button {
padding: 4px 8px;
background: #dc3545;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
}
</style>
Options API 支持
虽然 @aiao/rxdb-vue 主要为 Composition API 设计,但也可以在 Options API 中使用:
<script lang="ts">
import { defineComponent } from 'vue';
import { useFind } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
export default defineComponent({
setup() {
const { value: todos, isLoading } = useFind(Todo, {
where: { completed: false }
});
return {
todos,
isLoading
};
}
});
</script>
<template>
<div v-if="isLoading">加载中...</div>
<ul v-else>
<li v-for="todo in todos" :key="todo.id">
{{ todo.title }}
</li>
</ul>
</template>
类型安全
所有 Composables 都是完全类型安全的,TypeScript 会自动推断实体类型和查询选项:
import { useGet, useFind } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
// TypeScript 会自动推断 todo 的类型为 Todo | undefined
const { value: todo } = useGet(Todo, { id: '123' });
// TypeScript 会验证查询选项的有效性
const { value: todos } = useFind(Todo, {
where: {
combinator: 'and',
rules: [
{ field: 'title', operator: 'like', value: '%test%' },
{ field: 'completed', operator: '=', value: true }
]
},
// TypeScript 会提示可用的字段和操作符
orderBy: [{ field: 'createdAt', sort: 'desc' }]
});
性能优化
避免不必要的重新订阅
使用 computed 来缓存查询选项:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, computed } from 'vue';
import { useFind } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
const filter = ref('');
const options = computed(() => ({
where: {
combinator: 'and',
rules: [
{ field: 'title', operator: 'like', value: `%${filter.value}%` }
]
}
}));
const { value: todos } = useFind(Todo, options);
</script>
分页加载
对于大量数据,使用分页查询:
<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue';
import { useFind } from '@aiao/rxdb-vue';
import { Todo } from './entities/Todo';
const page = ref(0);
const pageSize = 20;
const { value: todos } = useFind(Todo, () => ({
limit: pageSize,
offset: page.value * pageSize,
orderBy: [{ field: 'createdAt', sort: 'desc' }]
}));
const prevPage = () => {
if (page.value > 0) page.value--;
};
const nextPage = () => {
page.value++;
};
</script>
<template>
<ul>
<li v-for="todo in todos" :key="todo.id">
{{ todo.title }}
</li>
</ul>
<button @click="prevPage" :disabled="page === 0">上一页</button>
<button @click="nextPage">下一页</button>
</template>
注意事项
- 生命周期管理:Composables 会自动管理订阅的生命周期,在组件卸载时自动取消订阅
- 错误处理:始终检查
error属性来处理查询错误 - 加载状态:使用
isLoading来显示加载状态,提供更好的用户体验 - 空状态:使用
isEmpty来判断查询结果是否为空 - 响应式:所有返回的属性都是响应式的,可以直接在模板中使用
- 性能考虑:使用
computed或函数式选项来避免不必要的重新订阅